Go Idioms and Performance Optimization

This module summarizes Go language idioms, performance optimization techniques, and compares them with JavaScript to help you write efficient, maintainable Go code.

1. Coding Standards

• Variable naming uses camelCase (lowercase first letter)
• Package names are concise and clear
• Each file contains only one package
• Comment standards, English recommended
• Use go fmt for automatic formatting

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2. Performance Optimization Techniques

• Avoid unnecessary memory allocations
• Use sync.Pool to reuse objects
• Use concurrency appropriately, avoid over-creating goroutines
• Use pprof for performance analysis
• Avoid overusing interface and reflection

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3. Memory Management Optimization

• Go has automatic GC, but pay attention to large objects and long lifecycle
• Avoid memory leaks (close channels timely, recycle goroutines)
• Use escape analysis tools to analyze memory allocation

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4. Concurrency Performance Optimization

• Reasonably divide goroutine numbers, avoid over-concurrency
• Use channels to control concurrency flow
• Use sync.WaitGroup, sync.Mutex to ensure concurrency safety

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5. Code Organization Principles

• Each package does one thing (single responsibility)
• Main package only does startup and dependency injection
• Business logic layering (handler/service/repository)
• Reasonable module splitting, avoid giant packages

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6. Modern Go Development Patterns

• Use go mod/go work to manage dependencies and multi-modules
• Leverage generics to improve code reusability (Go 1.18+)
• Use embed to embed static resources
• Combine CI/CD, containerization, cloud-native best practices

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It's recommended to read official standard library source code, follow Go official blog and community, and continuously learn the latest best practices.